Transparency

底层的改变不会引起上层的变动，这是一种非常好的性质。最能够体现"transparency"优势的是virtual memory，参见工程Linux-OS的Kernel\Guide\Memory-management\Virtual-memory章节。

wikipedia Transparency (human–computer interaction)

NOTE: 虽然标题中，带有human-computer interaction，但是这篇文章的主要内容其实还是在transparency，它并没有human-computer interaction的内容；这篇文章的内容非常好，讲到了transparency的精髓。

Any change in a computing system, such as a new feature or new component, is transparent if the system after change adheres to previous external interface as much as possible while changing its internal behaviour. The purpose is to shield(防止) from change all systems (or human users) on the other end of the interface.

NOTE: 这段的总结是非常好的

The term is used particularly often with regard to an abstraction layer that is invisible either from its upper or lower neighbouring layer.

Transparencies

A transparency is some aspect of the distributed system that is hidden from the user (programmer, system developer, user or application program).

Transparency and decouple

TODO